The Arunachal Indigenous Tribes Forum (AITF), representing 26 major tribal communities in Arunachal Pradesh, has recently made a request to the Law Commission of India to exclude the state from the implementation of the Uniform Civil Code (UCC). In their letter to the Commission, the AITF highlighted the unique cultural and social characteristics of Arunachal Pradesh, emphasizing the need to preserve their distinct tribal culture, tradition, dialects, belief system, and ethos.

The AITF’s request to keep Arunachal Pradesh outside the purview of UCC implementation stems from the state’s diverse tribal landscape and its constitutional protection of social systems, customary laws, and customary rights. The UCC, which proposes a uniform set of laws applicable to all Indian citizens regardless of religion, tribe, or local customs, has been a politically sensitive issue. However, Arunachal Pradesh’s unique demography, topography, and rich cultural heritage have prompted the AITF to seek exemption from its implementation.

A. Distinct Tribal Communities: A Tapestry of Diversity

Arunachal Pradesh is home to 26 major tribal communities and over 100 sub-tribes, each with its own distinct cultural identity. These tribes have rich traditions, rituals, and customary practices that have been passed down through generations. They form an integral part of the state’s social fabric, contributing to its cultural vibrancy and diversity.

B. Preservation of Language and Dialects

The linguistic diversity of Arunachal Pradesh is astounding, with a wide array of languages and dialects spoken across its various tribal communities. These languages are not only a means of communication but also a reflection of the unique cultural heritage of each tribe. Preserving these languages is crucial for maintaining the identity and heritage of the indigenous tribes.

C. Traditional Belief Systems and Ethos

The indigenous tribes of Arunachal Pradesh have deep-rooted belief systems, spiritual practices, and mythologies that shape their worldview. These systems are intertwined with nature, ancestors, and local customs. Protecting and respecting these belief systems is vital to maintaining the cultural integrity and social harmony of the state.

D. Safeguarding Arunachal Pradesh’s Social System

Arunachal Pradesh enjoys constitutional protection for its social system, which includes the customary laws and customary rights of the tribal communities. These laws and rights have evolved over centuries and reflect the unique social structures and practices of the indigenous tribes. Preserving these systems ensures the continuation of indigenous traditions and the protection of tribal rights.

E. Balancing Tradition and Modernity

While Arunachal Pradesh recognizes the need for progress and development, it also values the preservation of its cultural heritage. Striking a balance between tradition and modernity is crucial to uphold the rights and aspirations of the indigenous tribes while embracing advancements that benefit the entire state.

The Uniform Civil Code proposes a unified set of laws governing personal matters such as marriage, divorce, and inheritance. It aims to promote equality and social justice by eradicating discriminatory practices based on religion or local customs. However, its implementation in Arunachal Pradesh raises concerns about the potential erosion of cultural diversity and the imposition of a uniform identity on the indigenous tribes.

In their letter to the Law Commission, the AITF expressed support for the implementation of the UCC in mainland India but requested exemption for Arunachal Pradesh. The AITF emphasized the unique demography and topography of the state, along with its distinct social system, as reasons for exclusion. They firmly believe that preserving their cultural identity and social fabric is essential for the overall well-being of the tribal communities.

Arunachal Pradesh’s rich cultural heritage, diverse tribal communities, and constitutional protection of customary laws and rights make it imperative to consider the AITF’s request for exemption from the Uniform Civil Code. Balancing the need for a unified legal framework with the preservation of cultural diversity is a delicate task. By respecting the distinct identities and aspirations of the indigenous tribes, India can celebrate its cultural mosaic and foster an inclusive society.